Renaissance flashcards

A shift in thinking, new knowledge, whole society was affected. People were less religious and thought more about themselves, their surroundings and new types of knowledge “Rebirth from the dark ages”

Without the belief that humans have great potential and we should use reason to approach problems in the world, the Renaissance would not be possible. There was an emphasis on learning.

most artwork during the Renaissance, focused on humans doing every day things and less on religion

Humanist ideas clashed with the Church, but Humanists were NOT Atheists. There was less focus on God, but people were still faithful. Humanists believed God wanted humans to expand their knowledge.

Medieval Thinkers
-scholasticism
-Greeks and Romans are heretics
-art was only meant for the glorification of God
-everyone had a specific place in the world
-leaders of society benefit from increased faith
Renaissance Thinkers
-believe in reason
thought the ideas of Romans and Greeks was good
-art for themselves
-leaders benefit from increase of knowledge

The Crusades increased trade through Italy and Europe. Italy made boats during the Crusades which made money.

Italy was the center of the Mediterranean world and people could see great pieces (the coliseum) right in front of them

Each city was separate. They competed with each other to see which was the most advanced/wealthiest. Rich paid for artwork etc

They funded art, sponsored artists, revolutionized business.
-became wealthy because of banking
-bank became successful because it had rules
-church forbade usury because it was a mortal sin
-Medicis were afraid of eternal damnation so they payed for religious art and sponsored religious museums

bright colors, perspective, pyramid configuration

Da Vinci’s artwork showed scientific knowledge, challenged current knowledge and observed the world closely

soaring dome, rounded arches, more color, columns, inspired by Pantheon

He was an amazing artist, but had a terrible temper and therefore reputation. he was a humanist but most of his masterpieces were religious.

Castiglione: people needed to be well rounded and educated in many fields of academics, education was essential for success. Machiavelli: leaders should not be loved, being feared is better, leaders should keep secrets if needed, leaders could be good but no ideal

– “Is it better for a prince to be loved more than feared? Or is it better to be feared more than loved?” It means that a prince should be feared because you can accomplish more, he came to this conclusion because you can get to a greater goal if you are feared
– “The ends justify the means.” It means that you should do whatever you can to get to a greater goal, he came to this conclusion because he thinks you should do whatever you can to accomplish a goal

connection to Classics, humanism, advancements in architecture and science, education, opportunity and social mobility

trade routes

France, Spain, England, Holland, Belgium, Germany

focus was on everyday humans and events, color/light to portray realism, not as much obsession with Classics, engraving

printing press

more identical copies could be produced instead of slow, hand written books with human error

Religious
-Christian ideas spread more easily
-people felt they can have a more direct connection to God
Scientific
-more education
-they could question/build off scientific findings
Language
-more emphasis in writing in the vernacular
-increased education
-use Bible to teach themselves a new language
Social Class
-lower class could get educated because Bibles were cheaper
-emerge of a middle class
-increased literacy

They were treated as weak and in need of a man for protection. Code of Chivalry encouraged being nice but not equal

women were portrayed as objects for pleasure and education wasn’t good for women, seen as seductresses, domestic duties

she said that God sent her to save France from English invaders. (She got burned at the stake in 1431)

women learned how to act like ladies, marriage. not all women experienced a Renaissance, limitations were that only upper-class women experienced a Renaissance

Kiev located on the Dnieper River, landlocked, near bodies of water, mountains toward the west

small communities began to develop along trade routes

soaring dome, Eastern Orthodox Christianity, Cyrillic alphabet. Early Russian Kings wanted to be connected to Byzantine culture as it was known as the second Rome. Knowing this The early Russian kings wanted to Become the third Rome due to Rome’s power and influence.

The Mongol Invasion Captured Russia and cut off Trade. Thus stopping Cultural diffusion and the idea of a renaissance.

strong autocratic rule

shift in thinking

philosophy that states humans have great potential and should use reason to approach problems in the world

town

city states

money lenders

rich family that influenced the Renaissance

people who funded something

artist that challenged current knowledge. His artwork was mainly focused around scientific knowledge.

point where perspective appears to converge

medieval rigid formal portraits and horizontal groupings gave way to a more three dimensional pyramid

like real

Italian Renaissance painter

Italian Renaissance architect, made the Santa Maria Del Fiore

church, soaring dome, columns, symmetry, made by Brunelleschi

Renaissance painter who painted in the Sistine Chapel

giant church painted by Brunelleschi

wrote “The Courier”

told people values of a good citizen

wrote “The Prince”

a prince should be feared rather than loved, leaders should keep secrets, leaders could be good but not ideal

Renaissance writer

Dutch painter

painter that developed oil

“German Leonardo”

vernacular and utopian society in writing

drawing on rocks

copying words

printing

said God sent her to save France from England

Capital city of Early Russia

viking that becomes the first Russian king

became mixed with local culture

Russian king that married Olga

converted to Greek Orthodox

Fierce Warriors originating from asia. They are known for their archery and horseback skills. They also invaded Russia causing it to not experience a Renaissance and leaving it in economic distress.