Intentions of the artist: Work of art by someone with the intention of evoking an aesthetic (beauty) espouse in the audience, Critics: something that was not originally intended as art may now be treated as such, and this art might simply be junk 2 Quality of the work: Great work of art is a perfect combination of form(depicts such as a face, a landscape, etc) and content(the way it is put together such as unity, order, etc) Critics: some arts show originality, but require little technical skill such as kitsch and forgeries 3.
Response of spectators: ‘the general public’ prefer the familiar to the strange and content to form Expert opinions guides us to decided which works of art are genuinely worthwhile understand the meaning of a work of art; sophisticated) Other ideas about arts Everything can be looked at from an aesthetic point of view Inexhaustibly: ideal spectator helping us to distinguish enduring art from art Which is merely fashionable Judging art Essential Ideas and TOOK vocabulary: The paradox Of aesthetic judgment: Standards of judgment – justifies certain art works (good or bad) Cannot argue about tastes in the arts Should aesthetic judgments be disinterested? In our aesthetic judgments we are ‘suitors for agreement’ Disinterested – not aesthetic response Should appreciate it from a more universal standpoint. Acknowledge great figures even if it is not the taste one prefers Are there universal standards in art?
Psychological factors: humans have similarities in our aesthetic judgments; naturally tend to tint the dormer peaceful and the latter disturbing Kumar and Melamine: discover what kinds of painting people find most attractive Depicted landscapes in which one can see without being seen Metronome of the human pulse is the biological basis for our sense of rhythm in music Critics argue that our cultural differences end up with broadly similar tastes ex) dominated by American culture Cultural differences: universal elements running through all cultures; but this should not blind us to the differences between them Art and knowledge Art as imitation: Mimetic theory of art – purpose of art is to copy realty; desire to achieve a perfect likeness Photography – captures the essential you: “creative reinterpretation Of reality” Drawing attention to previously unnoticed features of reality; arts make it visible New movements in the arts challenge our understanding of reality, and many great artists who struck out in new directions were not recognized by their contemporaries as it was hostile to spectators.
Art as communication: Communicate a message to spectator To understand the language of the art, one needs basic knowledge of the grammar and vocabulary of art (what is being communicated is worthwhile or not) Two dimensions Horizontal – explore the breadth of human experience Vertical – explore depth Communicate emotions – use of music or poem to make sense of the depth and intensity and uniqueness of one’s feeling Art as education: Art as a moral provocation – provoke emotions that influence our behavior or shape our attitudes by offering us a range of role-models Approach to a more universal perspective on things For example, literature develop our ability to empathic with other people by imaginatively placing LIES to a situations that lie beyond the frontiers Of our own experience Critics: argue that art should be judged purely on its aesthetic rather than its ethical merits as it may lead up being both a bad artist and a bad preacher Plato versus Aristotle: Plato – inflaming the emotions, art weakens our ability to lead rational lives Aristotle – art does not incite emotion as much as purge, or cleanse us of it Catharsis – cleansing effect Science, art and truth Both are trying to make sense of the world by looking for patterns in things Reason, imagination and beauty: Science: patterns are expressed in mathematics and logic & appeal more to reason Art: needs to have a good imagination if one is to come up with new ways of looking at things, Discovered or invented?
