Romanticism began in the mid-18th century and reached its height in the 19th century. It was limited to Europe and America although different compatriots donated to its birth and popularity. Romanticism as a movement declined in the late 19th century and early 20th century with the growing dominance of Realism in the arts and the rapid advancement of science and technology. However, Romanticism was very impressionative on most individuals during its time. This was because it was expressed in two main aspects of life: literature, and art.
In literature, Romanticism was to some extent a reaction against the strict rules formulated by the Neoclassicists. The first fully Romantic poetry was Lyrical Ballads 1798 by William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge. Wordsworth”s The World is Too Much With Us 1802 emphasizes a world being plagued by materialism while steadily losing its spirituality. He used Greek mythological figures to symbolize that the nature the ancients enjoyed could not be destroyed by the Industrial Age. Wordsworth, and Coleridge, described nature in an exclusive way because landscape was the main principal in their works. “Mind of Man,” as Wordsworth observed, was a poets” response to the natural scenes that inspired their thinking. Despite all of this, nature commonly was the focus of Romantic painters.
Romantic painters rebelled against the objectivity and composure of the prevailing Neoclassic style. The art is colorful, expressive, and full of movement. Though we have not read or talked about John Constable I thought he was a very interesting artist. John Constable”s Wivenhoe Park, Essex 1816, is a pristine example of his scientific approach to capturing the qualities of atmosphere, light, and sky. Constable used God in nature, creativity, and the peaceful aspects of nature in this work. He is famed for his “Constable sky,” which is the main element of his portrayal of the scene at Wivenhoe Park.
In conclusion, Romanticism was a movement in the arts and in social thought. It varied from one group, or individual to another, but certain characteristics were common to most aspects of the movement. Among these characteristics were individualism, emotional expression, rejection of rules of art forms, imagination rather than reason, and expression of the sublime or peaceful aspects of nature. There were also definite or specific characteristics that Romanticists opposed. Such characteristics included empiricism, mechanization, dehumanization, and increased materialism.
