Explain any notes, rests, signs, terms its title and its key/tonality Identify (on the appropriate score) any key changes that occur, or explain other types of tonal organizations (atonal, pentatonic) Explain form, through a detailed structural analysis. Where the piece is a movement from a larger work, brief knowledge of its relationship to the other movements in the work is expected Either from the List piece score, or by reference to general characteristics not apparent on the score itself, candidates can be asked about: Period and style appropriate to the piece.
In addition, knowledge of the composer, his/her influences and some other works is expected. Knowledge of other genres typical of the period by not necessarily instrument-specific is also expected. (orchestral music, choral music) Time Periods Baroque Usually expresses the one mood or emotion Sudden dynamic shifts Rhythmic patterns introduced at the beginning of a piece are repeated throughout Melodies repeated throughout Famous for its doctrine of mood. What is happy will be happy throughout and what is sad continues to the end Opera, instrumental music Classical
Fluctuates to provide sudden, dramatic contrasts of character Sonatas, Rondos, Variations are used a lot Flexible rhythm Light, elegant and restrained Beethoven, Mozart, Haydn Dynamics used to create contrast of mood and express emotions Music with particular qualities of clarity and balance in melody, harmony and rhythm Sonatas Romantic Ternary, Free form used a lot Chopin, List, Schumann, Schubert Passionate and expressive Extreme emphasis on subjective, emotional qualities and greater freedom of form New chords explored Modern Rhythmic vocabulary expanded, patterns became irregular, unusual, unpredictable
Large leaps Romantic rules abandoned Ever-changing time signatures Unusual and noise-like sounds Bartok, Debussy, Stravinsky Tone color became much more important in music- creates mood, variety Dissonant Music notes By Kerry-Ding Music Knowledge By Referring to the score of each List piece, candidates can be asked to: Name and/or Composers Bach 1685-1750 Probably one of the most notable early German composers Famous: The Well-Tempered Clavier, Mass in B minor, Eave Maria, Art of fugue Influenced by George Bonn (local organist) Wrote 224 cantatas, over 1000 compositions in total
Liked to illustrate religious or pictorial ideas through music symbolism Unity of mood used in all his compositions.
He liked to elaborate on a single melodic idea in a piece Handel 1685-1759 Born at Hale, Saxony, Germany 40+ opera works 20 oratorios, Style derived from German Church music Influenced by Purcell and Cachou Famous Works: Messiah, Water Music Known for operas, organ concertos Mozart His work conveys a feeling of ease, grace and balance 1756-1791 More than 600 compositions Famous work: Piano Concerto No 21, All Truck, Requiem, The Magic Flute Mozart is ore symbolic of Classical Period, while Beethoven is a bridge between Romantic and Influenced by Italian Operas, Haydn and AS Bach Famous for operas, symphonies, piano concertos, string quartet Wrote masterpieces in all the musical forms of his time. His work conveys a feeling of ease, grace and spontaneity as well as balance, restraint and perfect proportion Beethoven Considered the link between Classical and Romantic music Master of symphonies, and known for orchestra Fur Elise, moonlight Sonata, Piano Concerto no 5 Influenced by Mozart and Haydn 1732-1809 Over 100 symphonies, 60 string quartets Influenced by Bach’s son Taught Beethoven Famous works: Minuet in D, Sonata No. 9, Surprise Symphony Father of Symphony and String Quartet Chopin Polish- born 1810-1849, died in Paris Had an original style Wrote few works compared to other greats, and they were primarily short, but great works.
Elegant and graceful music, gives the illusion that the piano is singing Franz Schubert 1797-1828-Austrian Influenced by Mortar and Beethoven Major works: The Unfinished Symphony and the Great Symphony Franz List 1811-1886-Hungarian Debussy 862-1918-French Orchestral and piano music Vague music Modern music- inspired by Impressionist music and art Was inspired by art Original system of harmony and musical structure Major works: Prelude to the Afternoon of a faun, La Mere Influenced by Richard Wagner Stravinsky Russian 1882-1971 (New York) Specialized in stage works, (ballet, opera, oratorios) sacred music Major works: Symphony in three movements, The Rake’s progress, Symphony of Psalms Bartok Hungarian 1881-1945 Specialized in orchestral and piano music Influenced by Debussy, Richard Strauss Songs-Terms/notes Prelude Legato- Prelude- a piece of music designed to be played as an offering introduction to another composition. Timid. Decrescendo Coolant- slow down and play softer Allegro-at a brisk pace Fugue simpler legato-continuously and always legato Moderate e maestros- moderately and majestically Pico – a little A Pico relent- slow down a little Fugue- A composition developed upon a certain subject or theme announced at first in one part only Polyphonic No counter-subject sonata KICK (others are KICK, KICK) Andante gracious- moderately slow, and gracefully Adagio- In slow time Tenure-a note held for its full time value or slightly more Allegro- at a brisk tempo 2nd movement is a minuet and trio 3rd movement is written in a minor, very happy concluding movement All 3 movements are loosely related by melodic and formal affinities.
Theme and variation form 2nd movement is in ABA form – simple and graceful All in a major/minor Construction of this sonata is unusual No movement in the traditional sonata-allegro form Homeland All movements in a major/minor Sonata- a work, usually for one or two instruments having several movements ,each f which has a different tempo and mood Canapé Trees calm et document trite- very calmly and very sweetly Canapé- a covered urn used in ancient Egyptian burials to hold the organs and the brains Ceded-slow down Minimize UN pee Marquee- marked Retune- becoming slower Trees lent- very slowly Colonial mode- Dorian mode- raised 6th Nocturne Coolant- becoming softer and slower Simpler diminuendo Pedaled simpler Andante- in a moderately slow tempo Pico a Pico crescendo Separateness-flowing and smooth Nocturne- Short lyrical piece, especially for piano in one movement.
