Humanism
Intellectual movement, study of humanities; human body
Indulgences
Document, sold by Church & signed by pope/church official, released bearer from all/part of punishment for sin
Predestination
Belief God’s determined in advance who’ll be saved & who’ll be damned
Anabaptists
Baptize adults, separation of church & state, choose own minister, minister can be anyone in church
Peace of Augsburg
Germans got choice to be Catholic or Lutheran
John Calvin
Leader of Protestants, fled France safety of Switzerland, Luth beliefs
Act of Supermacy
King Henry VIII separates from Cath church–couldn’t get re-married, 1534
Zwingli
Priest; Swiss city Zurich, starts Protestant belief–white walls
Lorenzo de Medici
Grandson of Machiavelli, The Prince dedicated to him
Machiavelli
Wrote The Prince, believed politics and morality weren’t related, Protestant
Secularism
Renaissance art, not religious
Justification by faith alone
Lutheran/Protestant belief, final judgement solely based on your faith rather than your kind works
Michelangelo
sculptor, painter, architect, poet, engineer, best artist of lifetime; Dome of St Peters Basilica (Rome), “The Last Judgement” on wall of Sistine Chapel in Rome, David
Diet at Worms
Martin Luther=outlaw, assembly of Holy Roman Empire, held in Worms, Germany
Council of Trent
Pope Paul II calls group of clergy meet in Trent to set reform Cath. Church
Jesuits
“Society of Jesus”, Ignatius of Loyola created, obey pope, spread Cath belief to get more members of Cath church
Theocracy
Gov where God’s king/ruler & his laws are made statue book of kingdom– administrated by priest, etc
Duomo (Florence)
Largest church in Italy, one of largest domes ever made; Michelangelo
David
Michelangelo, Glorification of human body, sculpture, placed in public squa
Sistine Chapel
Michelangelo’s painting “The Last Judgement”, Rome-Vatican City
The Last Judgement
Michelangelo’s painting, ceiling of Sistine Chapel, left side=heaven, right side=hell
Dome of St Peters (Rome)
One of largest domes, Michelangelo, Sistine Chapel,Protestant Reformation, Catholic Counter reformation
Birth of Venus
Painting, Botticelli, Venus being emerged onto shore as adult woman, commissioned by Medici family
The Prince
Machiavelli, told politics & morality not related, how to keep/get power, book
Defender of the faith
Pope Leo X, reward for writing Declaration of 7 Sac against Martin Luther
Brunelleschi
Created linear perspective, engineered done of Florence cathedral
Botticelli
Painter; Birth of Venus, non-secular works (put common people; including himself in paintings)
Pope Leo X (Medici Pope)
Sold indulgences to who donated to reconstruct St Peters Basicillia, excommunicated Luther
Savonarola
Started fire to anything that distracted people from God, priest, leader of Florence
Tetzel
Sold indulgences in Germany; even for the dead
Martin Luther
Wrote 95 theses against Cath church, excommunicated from CC, inspired different forms of Christianity
Ignatius Loyola
Founded Jesuits, had 8 followers who shared beliefs to convince to become Cath (counter-reform)
Leonardo da Vinci
Painted Last Supper, many inventions & study of human body
Henry VIII
Wanted to divorce then re-marry but couldn’t; Act of Supermacy makes him ruler of CC, starts reform
La Pieta
Michelangelo; Jesus lays across Mary’s lap, sculpture
The Creation of Adam
Fresco painting, Michelangelo, Sistine Chapel ceiling; God & Adam nearly touch hands
David
Michelangelo, glorification of human body, sculpture, replica=public square, real=galleria
In Defense Of 7 Sacrements
Written by Henry VIII, response to Luther’s 95 Theses
