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11-English Renaissance, Baroque and Neo-Palladian

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    – Static architecture
    – Idealized palladio
    – Movement died with Inigo Jones
    How did the English Renaissance architecture of Inigo Jones view and interpret Italian developments?
    – English Baroque emphasized additive masses, elements, and surfaces to create geometric complexity.
    – Gibbs invented the Protestant church
    Define the English Baroque, and the role of Gibb’s St. Martins-in-the-Fields.
    NeoPalladianism began by 1715; rejected the Baroque style associated with Catholicism and absolutism.
    What was Neo-Palladianism?
    Little Moreton, beg. ca 1450, Congleton, England.
- Late Medieval building forms and techniques remained popular.
    Little Moreton, beg. ca 1450, Congleton, England.
    – Late Medieval building forms and techniques remained popular.
    Compton Wynyates, 1481-1523, Warwickshire, England.
    Compton Wynyates, 1481-1523, Warwickshire, England.
    King's College Chapel, 1508-, Cambridge, England.
    King’s College Chapel, 1508-, Cambridge, England.
    Wollaton Hall, 1508-88, Nottinghamshire, England.
- Competition among the elite to build great houses to show off during the summer Royal Progresses of Queen Elizabeth I
    Wollaton Hall, 1508-88, Nottinghamshire, England.
    – Competition among the elite to build great houses to show off during the summer Royal Progresses of Queen Elizabeth I
    Hardwick Hall, 1590-7, Robert Smythson, Derbyshire, England. 
- Flemish inspired ornamentation, enormous areas of glass, outwardly directed composition
- Symmetry about primary axis
- More ornamentation
    Hardwick Hall, 1590-7, Robert Smythson, Derbyshire, England.
    – Flemish inspired ornamentation, enormous areas of glass, outwardly directed composition
    – Symmetry about primary axis
    – More ornamentation
    Queen's House, 1616-1635, Inigo Jones, Greenwich, England.
- Jones rejected contemporary 17th century design, and favored Early Italian Renaissance architecture up to Palladio
- Static architecture
    Queen’s House, 1616-1635, Inigo Jones, Greenwich, England.
    – Jones rejected contemporary 17th century design, and favored Early Italian Renaissance architecture up to Palladio
    – Static architecture
    Banqueting House, 1619-1622, I. Jones, Whitehall Palace, London, England.
- For formal receptions and masques.
- Influenced by Palladio
- Double Cube, ceiling paintings by Rubens
    Banqueting House, 1619-1622, I. Jones, Whitehall Palace, London, England.
    – For formal receptions and masques.
    – Influenced by Palladio
    – Double Cube, ceiling paintings by Rubens
    Banqueting House, 1619-1622, I. Jones, Whitehall Palace, London, England.
- Static architecture
    Banqueting House, 1619-1622, I. Jones, Whitehall Palace, London, England.
    – Static architecture
    – Christopher Wren plan, 1666
    – Introduced French landscape and urban planning principles to London
    – A system of diagonal boulevards, widened streets, and a quay along the Thames River
    Great Fire of 1666, London, England.
    City Churches, plans, 1670-1686, C. Wren, London, England.
- Wren supervised the building of 52 new churches
- Regular geometric designs
    City Churches, plans, 1670-1686, C. Wren, London, England.
    – Wren supervised the building of 52 new churches
    – Regular geometric designs
    St. Stephen Walbrook, 1672-9, C. Wren, London, England.
    St. Stephen Walbrook, 1672-9, C. Wren, London, England.
    Saint Paul's Cathedral, 1675-1710, C. Wren, London, England.
- Baroque building on gothic plan
- based upon Michelangelo's design for St. Peters
- Eclectic additive composition, geometric complexity, massiveness.
    Saint Paul’s Cathedral, 1675-1710, C. Wren, London, England.
    – Baroque building on gothic plan
    – based upon Michelangelo’s design for St. Peters
    – Eclectic additive composition, geometric complexity, massiveness.
    Blenheim Palace, 1705, Sir John Vanbrugh & Nicholas Hawksmoor, Woodstock, England.
- English Baroque emphasized additive masses, elements, and surfaces to create geometric complexity.
    Blenheim Palace, 1705, Sir John Vanbrugh & Nicholas Hawksmoor, Woodstock, England.
    – English Baroque emphasized additive masses, elements, and surfaces to create geometric complexity.
    St. Martin-in-the-Fields, 1721, James Gibbs, London, England.
- Invented the Protestant church with a temple portico, surmounted by a spire fronting a basilical hall for preaching rather than liturgy.
    St. Martin-in-the-Fields, 1721, James Gibbs, London, England.
    – Invented the Protestant church with a temple portico, surmounted by a spire fronting a basilical hall for preaching rather than liturgy.
    Chiswick House, 1725, Lord Burlington [Richard Boyer] & William Kent, Middlesex [London], England.
- Neo-palladianism
- Return to the first principles of Antiquity (Virtuvius), Palladio & Inigo Jones.
    Chiswick House, 1725, Lord Burlington [Richard Boyer] & William Kent, Middlesex [London], England.
    – Neo-palladianism
    – Return to the first principles of Antiquity (Virtuvius), Palladio & Inigo Jones.
    Mereworth Castle, 1723, Colin Campbell, Kent, England.
- sought to create a modest Palladian villa type for the English countryside.
    Mereworth Castle, 1723, Colin Campbell, Kent, England.
    – sought to create a modest Palladian villa type for the English countryside.
    Stourhead, 1722, Colin Campbell, Wiltshire, England.
    Stourhead, 1722, Colin Campbell, Wiltshire, England.

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    11-English Renaissance, Baroque and Neo-Palladian. (2017, Sep 01). Retrieved from https://artscolumbia.org/11-english-renaissance-baroque-and-neo-palladian-14446/

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