stanza
a division of a poem, similar to a paragraph
octet
eight-line stanza
sestet
six-line stanza
volta
turn in the sonnet where the tone changes
end rhyme
rhyming words at the end of two or more lines of poetry
slant rhyme
rhymes that are similar but not exactly the same
internal rhyme
rhyming words within a line of poetry
meter
the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry
emjambment
continuation of one line of poetry to the next, with no pause
alliteration
the repetition of initial consonant sounds
consonance
the repetition of consonant sounds in the middle or at the end of words
assonance
the repetition of a vowel sound
simile
a comparison using like or as
metaphor
a direct comparison
personification
giving human qualities, feelings, actions, or characteristics to non-human objects
oxymoron
two conflicting words linked together
paradox
a contradiction that is actually true
hyperbole
a figure of speech in which emphasis is achieved by deliberate exaggeration
eternizing conceit
a conceit in which the poet declares he will make his beloved live forever by immortalizing her in his poetry
syntax
the arrangement of words in a sentence or on a page
tone
the poet’s attitude toward the subject
elision
omitting a syllable to preserve the meter
synecdoche
using a part to represent the whole
pun
a play on words
apostrophe
the poet addresses an inanimate object as if it could reply or someone who is absent
pastoral poetry
antithesis
quatrain
years of Renaissance period
1485-1625
Who was the king at the beginning of the period
Henry VII
Who was king at the end of the period
James I
Who is King Henry VIII
-Henry VII’s son
-had 6 wives
-He was catholic and you can’t be married in the church -more than once
-He started Protestantism
-He wanted a male heir so bad that he kept getting married and divorcing them until he had a son
-had 6 wives
-He was catholic and you can’t be married in the church -more than once
-He started Protestantism
-He wanted a male heir so bad that he kept getting married and divorcing them until he had a son
sonnets 1-126
-addressed to the “fair youth”
-romantic and loving language
-romantic and loving language
sonnets 1-17
convinces this man to marry and have kids
sonnets 78-86
-“rival poet”
-competition for fame and patronage
-rival is a mystery
-supposedly-Christopher Marlowe
-competition for fame and patronage
-rival is a mystery
-supposedly-Christopher Marlowe
sonnets 127-154
-addresses the “dark lady”
-tone is distressing
-very intense
-tone is distressing
-very intense
Sir Walter Raleigh
-wrote “The Nymph’s Reply”
-courted and loved by Queen Elizabeth
-founder of the Virginia colony and tobacco
-soldier, explorer, and poet
-Queen became angry when she discovered he secretly married her close friend
-he was convicted, jailed, and executed
-courted and loved by Queen Elizabeth
-founder of the Virginia colony and tobacco
-soldier, explorer, and poet
-Queen became angry when she discovered he secretly married her close friend
-he was convicted, jailed, and executed
Christopher Marlowe
-wrote “The Passionate Shepherd”
-master of the blank verse
-athiest
-spy for Queen Elizabeth’s secret service
rebel who drank often
-stabbed and killed in a tavern at the age of 29
-master of the blank verse
-athiest
-spy for Queen Elizabeth’s secret service
rebel who drank often
-stabbed and killed in a tavern at the age of 29
Sir Philip Sidney
-first writer of the great sonnet sequence
-favorite in the court but fell out of favor when he wrote Queen Elizabeth a rude letter
-in love with Penelope Devereux and engaged but never married
-Penelope is “Stella” in his poems
-soldier and wounded in batter which caused his death
-selfless
-favorite in the court but fell out of favor when he wrote Queen Elizabeth a rude letter
-in love with Penelope Devereux and engaged but never married
-Penelope is “Stella” in his poems
-soldier and wounded in batter which caused his death
-selfless
Edmund Spenser
-nickname “the poet’s poet”
-working class
-most of life: worked in Ireland
-married Elizabeth Boyle
-working class
-most of life: worked in Ireland
-married Elizabeth Boyle
William Shakespeare
-born April 23rd and died on April 23rd
-married and had 3 children
-wife: Anne Hathaway
-lived in England (Stratford-upon-Avon)
-part owner of an acting company called “The Lord Chamberlain’s Men”
-talented actor
-37 plays and 154 sonnets
-violated sonnet rules
-married and had 3 children
-wife: Anne Hathaway
-lived in England (Stratford-upon-Avon)
-part owner of an acting company called “The Lord Chamberlain’s Men”
-talented actor
-37 plays and 154 sonnets
-violated sonnet rules
Characteristics of Italian/Petrarchan sonnets
-made in Italy by Dante
-written in a 14 line iambic pentameter
-rhyme scheme of abba abba cde cde
-eight line section called octave
-six line section called sestet
-written in a 14 line iambic pentameter
-rhyme scheme of abba abba cde cde
-eight line section called octave
-six line section called sestet
characteristics of english/shakespearean sonnets
-written in a 14 line iambic pentameter
-three quatrains
-a couplet
-rhyme scheme of abab cdcd efef gg
-shakespeare is the most famous writer of theses sonnets
-three quatrains
-a couplet
-rhyme scheme of abab cdcd efef gg
-shakespeare is the most famous writer of theses sonnets
How are they simliar and different
both:
-iambic pentameter
-rhyme schemes
-love interests
different:
-authors
-petrarchan: 8 line, 6 line
-Shakespearean: couplet
-iambic pentameter
-rhyme schemes
-love interests
different:
-authors
-petrarchan: 8 line, 6 line
-Shakespearean: couplet
