Neutrality Proclamation President made proclamation-the LIST stays neutral in conflict between France and Great Britain- as to not go to war Citizen Genet Edmond-Charles Genet- French ambassador to IIS during French revolution Tensions with Britain and Jars treaty 1796 Treaty between IIS and Great Britain- Credited with averting war – increased trade between countries Tensions With Spain- Pinkeye’s Treaty 1796 Established friendship bet,even LIST and Spain- Defined boundaries with navigation rights on the Mississippi River Spanish colonies- Guaranteed for US Problems with Indians.
Battle of Fallen Timbers 1794 of Greenville 1795 final battle in the NW Indian LIST for control of NW Territory. War. Struggle between American Indians and Victory for US Precedents that Washington set for the presidency I-Neutrality in Foreign Affairs 2- 2-Term Presidency 3- use of force to enforce the lava (Hickey Rebellion) 4- Calling in the Cabinet tort Advice S- How to address president “Mr.. Resident” 6-inauguration 7- inaugural speech Parallel address Written to” The People of the Lignite States” venue he resigned after 2nd term Adams (1796 – 1801) Problems with France France seizing US ships- Adams tried to resolve by ending diplomats to talk to French foreign affairs director EX. affair event that strained relations between France and LIST. Lead to Quasar- French agents continue peace negotiations demanded major concessions from US to Quasi War with France (1798-1800)Undeclared Naval war (fought by sea mostly) between France and US Alien and Alien Enemies Act Alien Act- deports aliens “dangerous to peace camp; safety of LIST. ‘ during peacetime Alien Enemies Act- allowed in wartime arrest, imprisonment & deportation of aliens to enemy powers Sedition Act any treasonable act, high misdemeanors and punishable by fine ND imprisonment Naturalization Acts requires aliens to be residents for 14 hrs instead of 5 hrs before eligible for LIST citizenship Reaction of Republicans- Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions Republicans said Alien/Sedition act was unconstitutional acts by congress Constitution unconstitutional.
States had right to declare that were not authorized by Gabrielle Rebellion (1800)Gabriel Overrepresented blacksmith Who was going to lead rebellion in VA- never happened, info leaked, Gabriel and 25 others hanged.
Election of 1800 UP Thomas Jefferson defeated incumbent John Adams- Ushered Democratic/Republican rule and Federalist party removed Midnight Judges” effort to resolve issue with Judges”riding the circuit”, Separated Supreme Court from Circuit Court judges Thomas Jefferson (1801-1809) Election of “revolution” of 1800 UP Thomas Jefferson defeated incumbent John Adams- Ushered in democratic/Republican rule and federalist party removed Twelfth Amendment procedure for electing President and Vice President- established how Electoral College functions Louisiana Purchase (1803) US acquired 828,800 sq acres of land from Prance territory- Jefferson received opposition to decision to purchase- did anyway due to uneasy feeling that Prance/Spain would have power to lock trade Lewis ; Clark and Zebu Pikes Expeditions (1804-1806) expeditions to find waterways across continent Lewis ; Clark- 1st US expedition to Pacific Coast Zebu Pike. Expedition to SW area of US Hamilton-Burr Duel (1804) Alexander Hamilton ; Sitting UP Aaron Burr.
Burr fatally shot Hamilton- Longstanding disagreements political and personal Burr Conspiracy and trial (1807)Burr with co-conspirators wanted to create independent nation in N Tara land in Texas- Tried for America/Mexico area to take possession of treason Supreme Court cases of Marshall court in the Jefferson earache Marshall, Chief Justice, wrote opinions based on Constitutional laws- promoted nationalism and helped make Supreme Court overrule Congress center of Power- right to Conflict With the Barbara Pirates, Translation War (1801-1805) 1st Of 2 wars between LIST and African Barber Muslim merchant ships, enslaving crews states- Pirate ships capture Chesapeake-leopard incident (1807) British warship Leopard attacked and boarded LIST Chesapeake- British deserted and joined crew of Chesapeake.
British ship searched for ship and recover the deserters Embargo Act (1807) American Laws restricting American ships from engaging in reign trade Non-loungers act (1809)4 days left of Jefferson presidency- replaced Embargo Act with this- lifted all embargos on American ships except those headed for Britain or French ports James Madison (1809-1817) Hitcher v Peck (1810) Supreme court ruled a state law unconstitutional- helped to create precedent for sanctity of contracts- hinted the Native Americans did not hold title to their lands Outcomes and Tippecanoe (1811) a pre-emotive strike against the Headquarters of the confederacy by Merchandising- Harridan’s army was attached by the Indians,but the Indians ran out of ammo
War hawks (1811-1812) Clay and Collaborated by British practice Of abducting American Soldiers and the crippling the US economy British Order in Council was Clay and Calhoun- argued on behalf of Domestic mill and iron industries to protect the market War of 1812 us declared war against Britain due to desire to expand NW Territory, lift trade restrictions, retrieve the US soldiers captured Treaty of Ghent (1814) peace treaty ending the War of 1812- treaty restored relations between US and Britain Effects tooth War on the nation US gained international respect, morale and nationalism was high lifted trot Britain Manufacturing exploded due to cotton embargo Hartford Convention (1814) New England’s opposition to the war reached point where succession was discussed from US- war ended- back to status quo- disgraced the Federalist party- disbanded First Protective Tariff (1816) Protects American manufacturing- England stashed goods away during war- once ended, they dumped good into American market- New England couldn’t compete with cheap foreign imports-Clay and Calhoun- argued on behalf Of Domestic mill and iron industries to protect the industry. The second bank of the United States (1816)chartered in 1816- headquartered in
Philadelphia- primarily established status that was lost during the war James Monroe (1817-1825) to regain the credit and borrowing Era of good feelings period where partisan bitterness abated- Euphoric moment when US claimed victory over War of 1812- McCullough V Maryland (1819) Supreme court ? Maryland attempted to impede operation of 2nd Bank by imposing tax on all notes- Established 2 principles: l- constitution grants Congress Implied powers; 2- may not supersede Federal state actions Dartmouth College v Woodward (1819) contract clause- LIST constitution to private corporations- The decision private charters and resulted in the titled the nature of public versus rise of the American business corporation Gibbons V Ogden (1824) held that the power to regulate interstate commerce was granted to congress by commerce clause of the US constitution Rush -Bogota Agreement (1817-1818)agreement be,even Rush (US) and Bogota (Britain) to provide for limitation wake of the War of 1812 Naval forces on the Great Lakes in Adams-Onions (or Transcontinental) treaty (1819) treaty between US and Spain that gave Radio to LIST and established boundaries Monroe Doctrine further efforts by European countries to colonize in the LIST would be viewed as act of aggression, requiring US intervention Poinciana’s 1st financial crisis in US history- facing depression- marked end of economic expansion after war 1812- ushered in new financial policies to help shape economy Cumberland Road national Road- 1st major highway in IIS- to be built by Federal Gob.
Talladega Amendment and Missouri compromise (1820) Talladega agreement- sought to oppose conditions on slavery Missouri that ovule extinguish Missouri Compromise- agreement passed regarding regulation Of slavery- prohibited slavery in Louisiana territory Socioeconomic/Religious changes transportation across US, financial isolations, tarries, 2nd Bank Of LIST, supreme slavery-feeling of nationalism John Quince Adams (1825-1829) court decisions, abolish The American System and Aqua’s support Mercantilism economic plan w 2 changes- I-tariff to protect/promote American Industry 2-a national bank to foster commerce 3- federal subsidies for environments to develop markets in agriculture New works Erie Canal Great Lakes- 1st 363 mile waterway that routes from Atlantic Ocean to transportation system Tariff of Abominations (1828) 1st import tariff- protective tax- increases costs of imported goods to protect industry in the northern states The American Industrial Revolution major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transportation, cultural conditions of the time technology%’- profound effect on economy and The Market Revolution changes due to change in manual labor system- traditional commerce transportation and industrial changes Beginnings of a Labor Environmentally labor unions- legally recognized representatives for workers in and work conditions collective bargaining Of wages, benefits The Transportation Revolution when transportation became cheaper and more efficient. Canals, roads, railways built The Second Great Awakening Christian revival movement- establishment of many reform movements Andrew Jackson (1829-1837) designed to remedy evil Jackson Democracy promote strength of the presidency and executive branch at expense of Congress. Sought to broaden the publics participation in government, to elect judges Spoils System (rotation in office) practice where political party, after winning election, gives government jobs to voters as a reward for victory and support.
Incentive to keep working for party Kitchen Cabinet collection Of unofficial advisors he consulted in parallel to US Cabinet- Jackson moved 5 of 8 cabinet members and replaced them With his own supporters Else of Veto he used to expand the power of the executive branch-could control part of Legislative branch and get done what he wanted done Whig Party Formed in opposition to Andrew Jackson’ and democratic party- Whig supported Congress over Presidency Indian Removal Act Native American Indians were removed from their lands, supposedly voluntarily, great pressure put on them to leave Cherokee Nation v Georgia (1831) Cherokee Nation sought federal injunction against laws passed by Georgia boundaries depriving them rights within its
Worcester v Georgia (1832)LOS Supreme Court overturned the conviction of Samuel Worcester- Georgians criminal statute, prohibiting non-landing from being present on Indian lands oviduct a license is Seminole War 3 conflicts in Florida between Seminole Indians and US Army- started with Jackson’s attack on Negro Port Nullification Crisis ordinance declared the Federal Tariff Of 1 828/1832 were unconstitutional and null,wood within South Carolina Tariff of Abominations (1828- before Ass’s presidency)early days in history,support for tariffs on imported goods, compete- after war of thought tot help American Industry top 812, British flooded w cheaper goods South Carolina’s Nullification artificialness of 1828/1832 were null/void within the state of South Carolina Webster-Haynes Debate Daniel Webster (Massachusetts) and Robert Haynes (SC)- debate over temporary suspension of land sure. Keying until land already on market was sold Compromise Tariffs of 1832 and 1833 1832- protectionist tariff/ reduced tariffs to remedy conflict of 1828 1833-gradually reduced tariffs over next decade The Force Bill (1833) congress put heavy tariffs on imports and raw materials- promoting domestic manufacturing- Act gave Presidency authority to SE military power to enforce laws Clays, Webster, and Fiddle’s effort to recharged the Bank They wanted to re- charter bank to force Jackson to take clear stand (for reelection) on pro-bank or anti-bank.
Jackson vetoed Veto of the Second Bank of the US (1832) Vetoed- Ordered Treasury Secretary to divert Federal revenues from the banks) Bank to selected state banks (pet Removal of deposits and distribution to pet banks (1833) Fiddle (Pres of bank) responded to Jackson’s actions by debts reducing loans and calling in Censure of Jackson 1st president to be censured- Congressional procedure for pyramiding President, Congress or Judges. Must give up chairs they hold, but not elected offices Massively Road Veto (1830) vetoed bill allowing Federal Government to purchase stock in Massively Road which had been hired to construct road Petty Eaton Affair Involved Andrew Jackson cabinet members ; wives- She had affair w/John Eaton while husband was out to sea. When he found out, he committed suicide. Affair with Andrew Jackson She remarried John Eaton. Then had Distribution of the surplus (1836)Distribution of 30-35 million from US Treasury to State banks on basis Of each States representation in Congress
Specie Circular (1836) Required payment for Government land to be paid in gold or silver Charles River Bridge Co v Warren Bridge Co (1837) South Carolina settled dispute over constitutional clause separate companies hired by bridge Martin van Burden (1837-1841) regarding obligation of contract. 2 2 separate states commissioned to build Panic of 1837 end of 2nd bank – produced runaway inflation-banks started receiving payment in gold and silver only- forcing dramatic deflation backlash Commonwealth v Hunt labor unions attempted to close or create a unionized workplace could be charged with conspiracy. Ruling HTH unions were legal organizations and had right to strike Trail of Tears (1832) relocation ; movement of Native American Nations from SE parts Of US The Texas Question: Should the US annex Texas? Issue not With Texas, but slavery.
