The universe is a big mystery to us. We might know the history behind it but do we know the causes for it? Do we know the natural phenomena of it? The basics that you need to know about the universe. You need to know that the universe is approximately 13.8 billion years old, it is in the Milky Way galaxy and that it’s a spiral galaxy. That’s the basics but there’s more than just the universe, there’s more into it that makes our solar system and everything else how it is now.
The first thing we are going to talk about is auroras. Auroras are natural light display in the Earth’s sky, usually seen in a high-latitude region like the Arctic and Antarctic, near the magnetic poles. They are sometimes called polar lights, northern lights, which are called aurora borealis, or southern lights, which is called Aurora Australis. Aurora is formed when charged particles emitted from the sun during a solar flare penetrating the earth’s magnetic field and collide with atoms and molecules in our atmosphere. These collisions result in many little bursts of lights called photons, which makes up aurora. Auroras effects the earth by disturbing the atmosphere which affects radio waves that communicating information around the world. The solar winds add its own magnetic energy to that to the Earth which combines and blows out electric wires and cables. The Earth’s atmosphere also expands slightly when the auroras are around.
The next thing we are going to talk about is black holes. Black holes are a region of a spacetime exhibiting such strong gravitational effects that nothing can escape from inside it, not even particles and electromagnetic radiation such as light could escape from it. Black holes form when a very massive stars collapse at the end of its cycle. After a black hole has formed, it can continue to grow by absorbing mass from its surroundings. Black holes don’t really affect the universe or the solar system. They follow the laws of gravity just like other objects in space. The black hole has to be very close to the Earth to affect us, which is not likely. If a black hole with the same mass as the sun was to replace the sun, the Earth would not fall in. The black hole with the same mass as the sun would still keep the same gravity as the sun and the planets would still orbit the black hole as the sun now. But don’t worry, the sun doesn’t have enough mass to collapse into a black hole. In billions of years, when the sun is at the end of its life, it would become a red giant star. Then, when it has used all its last fuel, it would throw off its outer layers and turn into a glowing ring of gas called a planetary nebula. Finally, all that would be left is a cooling white dwarf star.
Now we are going to be talking about electromagnetic pulse. The electromagnetic pulse or sometimes called a transient electromagnetic disturbance is a short burst of electromagnetic energy. A pulse’s origination may be a natural occurrence or man-made and it can occur as a radiated, electric, or magnetic field or a conducted electric current, depending on what source. One electromagnetic pulse that may affect us is called a nuclear electromagnetic pulse, a nuclear electromagnetic pulse is the abrupt pulse of electromagnetic radiation resulting from a nuclear explosion. The result rapidly changing electric fields and magnetic fields may couple with an electrical or electronic system to produce damaging current and voltage surges.
Next is Perseid Meteor Shower. Perseids are prolific meteor shower that are associated with the comet Swift Tuttle. The meteors are called the Perseids because the point from which that appear to hail, or radiant, lies in the constellation Perseus. Meteor showers occur when Earth moves through a meteor stream. The stream in this case is called the Perseid cloud and it stretches along the orbit of the Comet Swift-Tuttle. The cloud consists of particles ejected by the comet as it passed by the Sun. Most of the dust in the cloud today is approximately a thousand years old. They might be very nice to look at, but these meteors are caused by streams of cosmic debris called meteoroids entering Earth’s atmosphere at extremely high speeds on parallel trajectories. Intense or unusual meteor showers are known as meteor outbursts and meteor storms, which may produce greater than 1000 meteors an hour. Which means that many meteoroids will come, and they can fall and landed anywhere with you knowing.
Now next is Transient lunar phenomenon. Transient lunar phenomenon or lunar transient phenomenon is a short-lived light, color, or change in appearance on the surface of the moon. The transient lunar phenomenon rang from foggy patches to the change of the lunar landscape. The ranges start from gaseous, involving mists and other forms of obscuration, reddish colorations, green, blue or violet colorations, brightening’s, and darkness. Two extensive catalogs od the transient lunar phenomenon exist with the most reliable of these events, at least one-third comes from the vicinity of the Aristarchus plateau.
Works Cited
- Amazing Astronomical and natural phenomena. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.designswan.com/archives/7-amazing-astronomical-and-natural-phenomena.html
- Black hole. (2018, November 04). Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_hole
- Dunbar, B. (2015, June 01). What Is a Black Hole? Retrieved from https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/5-8/features/nasa-knows/what-is-a-black-hole-58.html
- Electromagnetic pulse. (2018, November 11). Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_pulse
- Figure 2f from: Irimia R, Gottschling M (2016) Taxonomic revision of Rochefortia Sw. (Ehretiaceae, Boraginales). Biodiversity Data Journal 4: E7720. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7720. (n.d.). doi:10.3897/bdj.4.e7720.figure2f
- Meteor shower. (2018, November 04). Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteor_shower
- Perseids. (2018, November 03). Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perseids
- Studying Aurora… the Scandinavian and American Connection: Tree Rings, Moisture, and the Missing Sunspot Cycles. (2003). The Maunder Minimum and the Variable Sun-Earth Connection,129-145. doi:10.1142/9789812796868_0009
- The Aurora Borealis. (n.d.). Flying Saucers. doi:10.4159/harvard.9780674420823.c17
- Transient lunar phenomenon. (2018, November 04). Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transient_lunar_phenomenon
