The mitochondria has an egg-shaped structure and consists of an inner and outer membrane. The outer membrane shapes the organelle into its egg-like shape, while the inner membrane folds inward to form a set of shelves” or cristae that allow the reactions of the mitochondria to take place.
The more the mitochondria make these reactions, the more the inner membrane folds. This happens because the mitochondria now has more surface area connecting it to its surroundings. The processes that the mitochondria make are to break down high energy organic molecules into smaller, more useful packages. The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of tubes and channels that transport and, with the help of ribosomes, produce proteins.
The rough endoplasmic reticulum contains ribosomes, which are not present in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. It allows the cell to produce proteins. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is used in the detoxification processes in the cell, and the transitional endoplasmic reticulum is used to break down glycogen into glucose. The endoplasmic reticulum is versatile and grows and shrinks according to the cell’s activities. Chloroplasts, found in plant cells, are used in the process of photosynthesis. They fall into the category of plastids but are differentiated by containing chlorophyll.
These organelles produce chemical reactions using the energy from the sun. The structure of the Golgi complex is made up of flattened membrane sacs surrounded by tubules or vesicles, known as cisternae. The Golgi complex accepts vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum and modifies them for use in the cell. It also distributes materials that help form the cell membranes.
They also assemble the membranous material by producing glycolipids and glycoproteins. The Golgi complexes also hand their vesicles materials for secretion. The Golgi complex could not do its job without the help of vesicles. Vesicles bring and send materials to the organelle.
