Their Definitions Lips, Teeth, Tongue Lips form different shapes, such as an oval, and movements in order to make different sounds. Sounds can be formed by using the teeth to shape the lips, in combination with the tongue, or to block air from escaping the mouth. The tongue moves throughout the mouth and with many of the other organs, as well as making shapes like the lips, in order to formulate speech. Alluvial The uvula is used to make guttural sounds.
It helps to make nasal consonants by stopping air from moving through the nose. Glottis The glottis is used in controlling the vibration made by the vocal chords, in order to make different sounds. Alveolar Ridge To make different sounds, known as alveolar sounds, the tongue touches the ridges found on this organ. Hard Palate Like the alveolar ridge, the tongue touches and taps the palate when articulating speech. Velum (Soft Palate) The movable velum can retract and elevate in order to separate the mouth from he nasal cavity, helping to make speech less nasally.
When the tongue hits the velum, it also makes a special sound called the velar consonant. Elements of Speech I. Articulation of words: Give ears to the patient’s speech, Is he speaking the words clearly? Observe if he is having a nasal tone and also see how clear and distinct the words are. Can you clearly make out words from his speech? All these do come under articulation of speech. A common disease associated With articulation Of speech is Disarrays. Disarrays is nothing but defective articulation. Loudness: Observe how loud the patient speaks. A depressive patient may remain silent or he may speak but would be hardly audible. This is characteristics of many psychotic disorders as well. 3. Fluency: Fluency is a combination of the flow of speech, the rate at which its spoken, how the words are used in the speech, the content of the speech, does the speech make any sense? ћEtcћ. Etc… Above all the melody of speech is taken into consideration. It’s the flow, rate and loudness that also do contribute to the melody of speech.
It’s at this time the abnormalities of speech have to be ruled out. The common abnormalities of speech are determined by certain factors: Rhythm of words. Disturbed inflection. E. G. Monotone. Gaps in the flow of speech. Hesitations While speaking. This Will give a bad flow Offshore. Person may not get the word ‘eraser, instead will say fiat you use for rubbing sketches? ” This is called as Circumlocutions. Person may use a word without sense for a common word. For E. G. He will ask where is ‘some’ instead of ‘comb’ Aphasia is another speech disorder.
