Plays with feet when lying on back. Communication and intellectual Make eye contact and to indicate need. Make non crying noises such as cooing and gurgling. Stops crying to the sound off rattle Interacts with parents when the hold them face to face. Shows eagerness when offered milk. Loves to look at hands. Respond to their name being called. Laugh and vocalism with increasing tone and intensity. Turns to where familiar voices come from. Understands the meanings of words such as ‘bye bye’ ‘Mama’ and ‘Dada’. Understands up and down and make appropriate gestures.
Starts to make tuneful, double or single syllable sounds ii ‘gaga’ Forgets about a ay if hider Shows some understanding of the emotional state of a parents voice. Takes an increasing interest in surroundings. Shows an increasing interest in play things. Social, emotional behavioral and moral Stares at parents when being fed. Smiles in response to adults. Enjoys bath and other routine activities. Enjoys holding rattles and musical toys. Feeding is normally ever 2-4 hours. Generally needs about 16 hours sleep per day. Enjoy feeding and cuddling. Shows distress at loud noises. Imitates facial expressions.
Begins to show a particular temperament. Shows excitement at sounds that the like. Is still friendly with strangers unless startled. Feeds themselves messily With fingers. Offer toys to others. Loves rough and tumble play. Stays awake for longer periods of time, only needing around 15 hours of sleep. At 4+ months you can start to introduce pureed foods. Touches breast or bottle when being fed. Manipulates toys well and watches them at the same time. Shows distress when Mother leaves. More aware of others feelings (crying if a sibling cries) 6- 12 months Kick vigorously with their legs alternating.
Leans forward to pick up a toy from sitting position, Can maintain a sitting position with a straight back. Can grasp things with finger and thumb. Moves arms purposefully and holds them up indicating to be lifted. Stands holding onto furniture. Move more easily ii crawl, roll or shuffle. Sits easily from lying down. Drops and throws toys deliberately. Can point With index finger. Shows preference of one hand over the other but can use both. Communication and intellectual Copies simple sounds. Squeals with delight. Talks to themselves in a tuneful sing song voice, Understands and obeys he command No!
Know the general characteristics of their language (will not respond to a foreign language. Speaks 2-6 recognizable words. Knows own name well. Enjoys communicating with sounds. Imitate adult sounds ii cough. Understands everyday simple words such a ‘no’ ‘look’ ‘cup’ ‘teddy. Understands objects and knows what to expect from them. Recognizes names. Points at books and pictures. Splashes in the bath deliberately. Drops toys deliberately. Recognize familiar pictures. Can hand Objects to adults when asked. Can put small objects into a jar. Uses trial and error methods to learn about Objects.
Understands simple instructions associated with a gesture. Recognizes family members. Loves peek-a-boo and may join in. Feed themselves with fingers can now introduce small lumps in food. Still prefer to be near a familiar adult. Generally needs 14 hours sleep. Offers toys to adults but only drops into the hand. Enjoys songs and action rhymes. May drink from a cup with a lid, Feeds themselves messily with a spoon. Can now introduce finger foods. Puts toys in mouth less and drool less. Enjoys socializing at meal times. Show definite likes and dislikes at meals and bedtimes. Often need to have a comfort object tie blanket or teddy).
More wary of strangers Starts to be willful and have tantrums. Has favorite toys. Still prefers to be near a familiar adult. Shows affection to familiar people. Loves making noise b banging toys. 12 to 24 months Falls over frequently when trying to walk. Can crawl upstairs and kneel without support. Can squat to pick up a toy. Can run steadily but unable to avoid objects. Can walk upstairs holding someone’s hand Can climb up onto furniture. Can throw a ball but not yet catch. Can run easily and avoid objects. Squats and kneels whilst playing. Can come backwards down stairs unaided. Uses gestures alongside words.
Can understand the names Of various parts Of the body. Will pint or scream to get something. Understands many words and instructions. Points to named people or toys. Will chatter away to self when playing. Responds when spoken to. Repeat the last part what others say. Likes to try and sing nursery rhymes. Names well known objects. May string 2-3 words together. Talks to themselves although it is not always understandable. Recognize own reflection in mirror, Can build a tower to 2-3 objects. Can scribble with a crayon. Notices very small objects and uses pincer grip to pick them up. Likes to stand and watch out of a window.
Will hold pencil in preferred hand. Refers to themselves by name, Begin to understand the consequences of their actions. Speak over SC words although they understand a lot more. Interested in names of people and objects. Can build a 6 block tower _ Holds out an arm or foot to help dress. Needs about 13-14 hours sleep a day. Curious with new people. Chews larger pieces of food and is better with a cup and spoon. More eager to be independent. Can now drink cows milk. Can help to undress but not dress self. Able to remember where objects belong and put away. More read for potty training, Will play alongside but not with other children.
Still needs constant reassurance from parents, Loves books and turns pages roughly. Loves pretend play, Alternate between being cling and independent. Can easily become frustrated. Are aware that others are anxious or fearful as they climb. Loves to explore without a sense of danger, Begin to express feelings. Likes role play and dress up games. Requires more attention. 2 – areas Can jump from a low step. Have developed a good sense of balance and special awareness. Can throw, catch and kick a ball. Improved control of crayons, pens etc. Can walk up and down stairs unassisted. Starts to show hand dominance,
Can stand and walk on tip toe, and stand on one foot. Can ride a tricycle using peddles. Can carry out simple conversations. Can recite name, age and sex. Ask more inquisitive questions. Enjoys participating When being read to. Uses 50-300 different words. Else Objects for purposes Other than intended for. Can copy a circle, flat line and maybe letters V and T. Can name most colors. Can use children’s scissors. Begin to understand the concept often. Remembers and repeats song/nursery rhymes, Are beginning to develop the concept of being helpful. Believe that all rules are fixed and unchallengeable.
Enjoys family mealtimes. Likes to do things unaided. Willing to share toys with others. Start making friends. Can wash and dry hands and brush teeth, Show affection to younger siblings. Start to develop fears. Loves pretend play and it becomes more dramatic. Shows stubbornness and is very Willful. Years Dresses and undresses self unaided. Rides a tricycle and steers skillfully. Can now dance, hop and balance on one foot. Can touch toes with straight legs and can walk backwards. Huge improvement in fine motor skills (using scissors, pens and cutlery etc) Generally more energetic and lively.
Has mastered outdoor activities such as swinging, climbing and sliding. Increased stamina, body strength and coordination, Enjoys competitive sports. Continual growth changes to bodies, Can control speed when running. Talk fluently asking questions and understanding the answers. Enjoys stories and songs and can often repeat them. Can now recite name, address, age and birthday. Uses speech rather than mood swings to show displeasure. Produce sentences Which are grammatically correct. Express themselves more in speech and writing. Else and understand more complex sentences. Becoming increasingly vocal and enjoy joke telling.
Criticism own work. Produce detailed drawings, Role play and speech that imitates that of adult life. Able to follow more detailed instructions. Becoming more interested in reading and writing. Enjoys puzzles and building models. Better ability to describe experiences and express themselves. Rapid development of mental skills. Can use simple computer programmer. Can write short stories that are legible. Can distinguish between reality and fantasy. Increased memory and attention span. Takes turns and shares but still with the occasional tantrum. Begins to form close relationships with ‘best friends’
Starts to show a sense of humor and enjoys entertaining people and making them laugh. Starts to understand implement rules. Shows affection and care to others. Starts to choose friends because Of personality and interests. Stronger sense Of right or wrong. Growing desire to be accepted b peers. Learn to control emotions more easily. Competent in washing and dressing etc. More independence from parents/family. Else reassurance with people that are upset. No longer as emotionally reliant on parents. Responds well to praise and encouragement. Boasts about achievements, Understands past, present and future. Easily embarrassed.
More stable in friendships. Start to think about the future, More aware of other people’s feelings/emotions. Express feelings of awe and wonder, particularly about nature, plants and insects. 7-11 years Puberty may start. Acute awareness of change in body shape. Physical coordination and strength increases. Appetite and need for sleep increases. Have more control over small muscles, and therefore write and draw with greater skill and dexterity. Enjoy active, energetic games and sports. Begin to experience conflict vivid parents. Increased ability to think and reason. Can be argumentative and boss but also generous and responsive.
Not as comfortable conversing with adults. Begin to understand the motives behind the actions of another. Can concentrate on tasks for increasing periods. May develop special talents (musical, academic and sports etc) Start to produce intelligent and well thought out written work. Independent at problem solving. Developing own thoughts, ideas and preferences about things that the enjoy. Ability to multi task. Forming stronger friendships. Start to experience peer pressure. Start to become more aware of the opposite sex. Become more interested in pursuing hobbies and joining clubs. Prefer to spend more time with friends.
Become more aware of body changes. Increased sensitivity to others. Become more self conscious, Emotional/behavior changes due to puberty. Sensitivity to criticism, 11-16 years Expected pattern Of child development Become more self conscious. Rapid growth spurt. Pubic,’body hair growth. The body starts producing hormones. Girls periods will start and boys voices will break. Less confident speaking to adults about feelings/problems. Alternate between child like and adult behavior, Have a fast style profiting that is easily understood. Starting to use one word answers to avoid conversations. Interested in life skills.
Develop an adult way of thinking. Skills level increases. Start to use imagination even problem solving. Start to think about future/career path. Develop own ideas hat ma conflict With those Of parents. Want to be liked and accepted by peers. Identify more with friends and less on defendants and family. Become more confident amongst friends. Mixed sex friendships/relationships start to develop. Peer pressure increases. Start to feel misunderstood. Fluctuating emotions/mood swings. Less dependent on family for emotional support. Clothing, interests, attitudes and behavior influenced by peer group. 6-19 years Has essentially completed physical maturation: physical features are shaped and defined. Probability of acting on sexual desires increases. Continued brain development until late adolescence. Advanced growth of secondary sex characteristics such as facial and body hair in boys, and breasts in girls May lack information or self-assurance about personal skills and abilities. Seriously concerned about the future; beginning to integrate knowledge leading o decisions about future. Relationships with parents range from friendly to hostile. Sometimes feels that parents are “too interested. Usually has many friends and few confidants; dates actively; varies greatly in level of maturity; may be uncomfortable, or enjoy activities, with opposite sex; may talk of marriage. May be strongly invested in a single, romantic relationship. Worries about failure. May appear moody, angry, lonely, impulsive, self-centered, confused, and stubborn. Has conflicting feelings about dependence/independence. Is confused and disappointed about discrepancies between stated values and actual behaviors of family and friends: experiences feelings of frustration, anger, sorrow, and isolation.
