The Three Regions of the 13 Colonies * The number of people differed among the colony regions; the amount of land in the colonies also differed among the regions with small numbers of people on huge tracts of land. * The first European colonists didn’t know how big North America was because they didn’t have a map of the continent. * The three geographic regions of the 13 Colonies were the New England Colonies, the Middle Colonies, and the Southern Colonies. The New England Colonies * The four original New England Colonies were: New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island.
The Environment of the New England Colonies * The climate of the New England Colonies was colder than the other two colonial regions because they were the farthest north. * The climate was a positive factor for the colonists in the New England Colonies; it prevented the spread of life-threatening diseases. * The climate was a negative factor for the colonist in the New England Colonies; the severe winters killed many people. * The geography of New England was mostly hills with rocky soil. The natural resources of the New England Colonies The natural resources of the New England Colonies included fish, whales, trees and furs. * The natural resources were more important than agricultural crops to colonists in New England because of poor, rocky soil and the short growing season. Religion in the New England Colonies * The main function of New England towns was to support the religion of the Puritans. * Religious freedom in Puritan colonies did not exist. The Puritan’s world view did not tolerate other religions. The Southern Colonies The Environment of the Southern Colonies The climate of the Southern Colonies was the warmest climate of the three colonial regions. * The warmer climate was a positive factor for the colonists in the Southern Colonies. They didn’t worry as much about surviving cold winters. * The warmer climate was a negative factor for the colonists in the Southern Colonies; the warm, moist climate carried diseases that killed the colonists. * The geography of the Southern Colonies which had a broad, coastal plain that was hilly and covered with forests. * The natural resources of the Southern Colonies included rich farm land, forests and fish.
Religion in the Middle Colonies * There was more religious freedom in the Middle Colonies than in New England. No single church or religion dominated in the Middle Colonies. Contrasts between the North and the South Agricultural Differences * The environment impacted the economy and agriculture in the New England Colonies; farming was not as important for making a living because of climate and geography. * The environment also impacted the economy and agriculture of the Southern Colonies; farming was an important way to make a living because of it’s climate and geography. The differences between the New England Colonies and the Southern Colonies in agriculture included the climate and geography. Agriculture influences trade * The difference between the New England Colonies and the Southern Colonies in agriculture: Southern colonists exported agricultural products and New England colonists imported agricultural products. Manufacturing Differences * The New England Colonies looked to their natural resources as a way to make a living; the environment forced them to look for other ways to make a living other than farming. The Southern Colonies didn’t develop all their natural resources as a way to make a living; there was excellent soil for farming income, so there was no need to develop natural resources for manufacturing. The differences in manufacturing occurred between the Southern Colonies and the New England Colonies: The Southern Colonies developed their maiThe time period from around 1600 to 1740 covered the development of Britain’s 13 Colonies in North America. In the 13 Colonies, the early colonist’s basic needs were food, shelter and clothing.
After they met those basic needs, the colonists were able to gain wealth through economic activities like farming more land, making items from natural resources or through trade. Religious practices also varied greatly between the regions. ? Commercial manufacturing was done by master craftsmen and their apprentices. ? Trade moved products from the seller to the buyer. Exports were sent to another colony or country; imports came into the colony or country. ? The 3 regions of the 13 Colonies were the New England Colonies, the Southern Colonies and the Middle Colonies. Each of these regions had different geography and climate, which affected their economic activities of agriculture and trade. ? Natural resources of the Middle Colonies were rich farmland, timber, furs, iron ore and coal. The Southern Colonies had timber, fishing, and the richest farmland. New England Colonies had fish, whales, trees and furs. ? Religious freedom varied greatly between the 3 regions. There was no religious freedom in the Puritan Colonies of New England, in the Southern Colonies religion provided moral guidance but wasn’t a great influence.
The Quakers were the biggest influence in the Middle Colonies. Important dates to remember: ? From approximately 1600 to 1740, Britain’s 13 Colonies were founded in North America. * n natural resource, their farmland, and not much manufacturing; * The opposite occurred in New England. Economic Activities in the 13 Colonies * Some countries, besides England, that were in the British Empire were Wales, Scotland, and parts of Ireland. * Manufacturing: making things by hand or by machine. * Europeans defined natural resources as things made by nature that humans know how to use. Agriculture in the 13 Colonies Most people earned a living before and during the colonial time by farming Manufacturing in the 13 Colonies * Commercial manufacturing is a way to make goods and supplies to sell to others. * A master craftsman: a person who was skilled at making special products like wagons or rifles. * An apprentice was a young person who learned a special skill from a master craftsman. * Men got most of the manufacturing jobs because those were the customs and traditions of colonial society. * Besides professional skills, the master craftsman was supposed to teach the apprentice reading, writing, and math.
Trade in the 13 Colonies * Traders: people who get wealth by buying items from a group of people at a low price and selling those things to other people at higher prices. * Imports: trade goods that are brought into a colony or country. * Exports: trade goods that are sent to another colony or country. Multiple perspectives on imports and exports. * Britain bought ships from the 13 Colonies for imports because things were made in the 13 Colonies and sent to Britain. * The Colonies exported ships, which mean they were made in the Colonies. Imports and a shortage of master craftsmen. The colonists imported items from Britain even though the same items were manufactured in the colonies. The skilled craftspeople could not make those products fast enough. * Credit: means being able to buy something now with a promise to pay later. * The problem that credit caused the colonists: many were always in debt. Trade and the development of colonial towns and cities * A break-in-transport is the geographic location where goods and supplies were loaded and unloaded. * A break-in-transport came first and then a town or village would develop. The first colonial towns started along riverbanks or the ocean coast because the first European settlers traveled by water to the shores and products were imported and exported from the towns along the shores. Water for transportation. * It was easier to transport goods by water than by roads for the first colonists because products were heavy or bulky and could be transported faster, with more ease, and at a lower cost by boats. Economic Activities in the New England Colonies Agriculture of the New England Colonies * A subsistence farmer hardly raised enough food to feed their families. Many New England farmers, in order to make enough money to support their families during the non-growing season: had to find jobs in fishing, logging or trapping for fur. * Agriculture in the New England Colonies: poor soil, mountains, cold winters, and a short growing season. * Cash crops: crops or animals raised to make money. Manufacturing in the New England Colonies * Naval products: All the things needed to build and sail a ship. * England encouraged the New England shipbuilding industry: England’s forests were used up. The second important industry in New England: the alcoholic drink called rum. The Environment and Manufacturing * The New Englanders accommodated to their environment by finding other ways to make a living. Trade in the New England Colonies * The New England trade was known as a triangular trade. The trading ships followed ocean routes that formed a triangle on the world map. * For the New England colonies, manufactured products were exports because they were made there and shipped out. Economic Activities in the Middle Colonies Agriculture in the Middle Colonies The environmental factors that allowed farmers from the Middle Colonies to grow cash crops were flat land that had rich soil and a longer growing season. Agriculture in the Middle Colonies included corn, vegetables, grain, fruit and livestock. Manufacturing in the Middle Colonies * Manufacturing in the Middle Colonies included iron ore products like tools, kettles, nails and plows and huge blocks of iron to export to Britain. Trade in the Middle Colonies * Trade in the Middle Colonies included exported agricultural products and natural resources, imported European manufactured goods, but never developed triangular trade routes.
