Summary: Rizal admits that laziness does be among the Filipinos. but it can non be attributed to the problems and retardation of the state ; instead it is the consequence of the retardation and problems experienced by the state. Past Hagiographas on laziness revolve merely on either denying or confirming. and ne’er analyzing its causes in deepness. One must analyze the causes of laziness. Rizal says. before bring arounding it. He hence enumerates the causes of laziness and elaborates on the fortunes that have led to it. The hot clime. he points out. is a sensible sensitivity for laziness. Filipinos can non be compared to Europeans. who live in cold states and who must exercise much more attempt at work. An hr ‘ s work under the Philippine Sun. he says. is tantamount to a twenty-four hours ‘ s work in temperate parts.
Chapter 2 INDOLENCE OF CHRONIC ILLNESS
Summary: Rizal says that an unwellness will decline if the incorrect intervention is given. The same applies to indolence. Peoples. nevertheless. should non lose hope in contending laziness. Even before the Spaniards arrived. Rizal argues. the early Filipinos were already transporting out trade within states and with other adjacent states ; they were besides engaged in agribusiness and excavation ; some indigens even spoke Spanish. All this disproves the impression that Filipinos are by nature indolent. Rizal ends by inquiring what so would hold caused Filipinos to bury their yesteryear.
Chapter 3: Wars. INSURRECTIONS. EXPEDITIONS AND INVASION
Summary: Rizal enumerates several grounds that may hold caused the Filipinos ‘ cultural and economic degeneracy. The frequent wars. rebellions. and invasions have brought upset to the communities. Chaos has been widespread. and devastation rampant. Many Filipinos have besides been sent abroad to contend wars for Spain or for expeditions. As a consequence. the population has decreased in figure. As forced labour. many work forces have been sent to shipyards to build vass. Meanwhile. indigens who have had sufficiency of maltreatment have gone to the mountains. As a consequence. the farms have been neglected. The alleged laziness of Filipinos decidedly has profoundly rooted causes.
Chapter 4: Death OF Trade IN THE PHILIPPINES
Summary: Filipinos. harmonizing to Rizal. are non responsible for their bad lucks. as they are non their ain Masterss. The Spanish authorities has non encouraged labour and trade. which ceased after the authorities treated the state ‘ s neighbouring trade spouses with great intuition. Trade has declined. moreover. because of plagiarist onslaughts and the many limitations imposed by the authorities. which gives no assistance for harvests and husbandmans. This and the maltreatment suffered under encomenderos have caused many to abandon the Fieldss. Businesss are monopolized by many authorities functionaries. ruddy tape and graft operate on a broad graduated table. rampant gaming is tolerated by the authorities. This state of affairs is compounded by the Church ‘ s incorrect philosophy which holds that the rich will non travel to heaven. therefore breeding a incorrect attitude toward work. There has besides been favoritism in instruction against indigens. These are some of the chief grounds that Rizal cites as doing the impairment of values among the Filipinos.
Chapter 5: Limited Training AND Education
Summary: Harmonizing to Rizal. all the causes of laziness can be reduced to two factors. The first factor is the limited preparation and instruction Filipino natives receive. Segregated from Spaniards. Filipinos do non have the same chances that are available to the aliens. They are taught to be inferior. The 2nd factor is the deficiency of a national sentiment of integrity among them. Because Filipinos think they are inferior. they submit to the foreign civilization and make everything to copy it. The solution. harmonizing to Rizal. would be instruction and autonomy.
