Table Contents 1. 0 Executive Summary 2. 0 Introduction 2. 1 Details of Bungee Jumping 2. 2 Building Choice 2. 3 Cord choice 2. 4 Safety Risks & Precautions 3. 0 Data 4. 0 Explain of the Jump 5. 0 Conclusion 6. 0 Appendix 2. 0 Overview Bungee Jumping is an exhilarating activity that rapidly turned into an extreme sport for adrenaline Junkies and thrill seekers. The sport involves Jumping from a tall structure, being a building, bridge or crane, while secured to a nylon-cased rubber band.
While the sport is enthralling, it is extremely dangerous and requires knowledge of physics and physical phenomena. Knowledge of the energy transformations involved in bungee Jumping are required to complete calculations, which determine safe Jumping conditions. This proposal will explore the parameters and ideas of possibly operating a new adventure experience from the Riparian Plaza. 2. Details of Bungee Jump The Riparian Plaza has a mm architectural height, the top floor is at mm above ground levels and the office levels stand at mm above the ground (refer to appendices 1). 2. 2 Building Choice This building is suitable to operate a bungee Jump from as it has river frontage, isn’t rounded by over hanging objects, such as, trees and other buildings and has a great vilely. Choosing an appropriate bungee Jump site is paramount as location There are three cords that will be use for the calculations at 2 different Jump heights, mm and 1 mm.
The first rope A has a weight limit of 45-keg, this rope was chose as the region of operation is a popular tourist destinations 1, therefore a lighter cord option is included because the highest rate of international visitors are from Asia and the United Kingdom, (appendices 2), and the average weight for Simian’s is 57-keg for omen, therefore allowing the apparatus to safely operate for tourists. The second rope and third weight account for average weight of Australians.
The second rope has a weight category of 62-kegs and the third rope has a weight limit of 79-kegs accounting for the average weight of males, aged 18-44, in Australia (appendices 13). The ages 18-44 was used, as the main participants in this activity would be younger thrill seekers, therefore, by using a variety of cords, allows a wider demographic within these ages to enjoy this bungee experience. The length of cord used should be 0 meters long.
These lengths of cord for rope A, B and C allows enough space, after 350% elongation, that the Jumper will be 13 meters off of the ground. Having 13 meters is a safety precaution, and useful as this permits different heights of Jumpers and the height an air bag that should be capable of absorbing a falling body. 2. 4 Safety Precautions Safety Precautions need to be taken as bungee Jumping is a dangerous sport that can be fatal. Eye trauma is a very serious health risk associated to bungee Jumping, retinal hemorrhage is one example, and can potentially cause loss of sight.
The gesture from Jumping off the platform causes the Jumper to be headfirst, this triggers blood to flow to the head, and can cause capillaries and swell the eyes or burst under high blood pressure and turn the Jumpers vision reed. For women in particular, uterine prolapsed is a major risk, the speed and pressure of the Jump can cause the uterus to, in some cases, slide out of its normal location, this is a potentially life- threatening risks. The most common injuries are dislocations, back, neck and spine injuries, 6. All bungee Jumping injuries are the product of the body being under extreme pressure, and forcer, 6.
To minimize the amount of injuries from this bungee Jump, the G-force has been calculated. The maximum G’s that any Jumper will experience throughout this Jump will be 3. 926. The maximum G-force allowable on a Jumper using a waist and chest harness is 4. G’s and the maximum allowed for an ankle harness is 3. Egg’s. Because of this, an ankle harness will not be used at the bungee Jump site. Only using rope that support up to keg is done for a purpose, as weights above keg could be a health risk, as the cord could strain the Jumper’s limbs and cause damage to their heart from the rush of adrenaline.
Jumpers must be 18 years old, this is for legal reasons as the Jumper would be responsible for their own actions. Any person with health problems, heart problems, back or leg injury or pregnant women should not Jump. Ropes deteriorate over time because of the friction between fibers rubbing, to avoid using a faulty cord, they will be disposed of at the minimum Jumps of 800. Ropes should be checked to assure there is no fraying or knots in the cord. Before every Jump, the same weight load should be applied to make sure the elastic limit hasn’t been reached, as this can change the calculations.
As the constant of the cord can change depending on the number of Jumps, and cause the Jumper to go further than calculated. Weather conditions must be suitable Graph 1: 4. 0 Explanation of bungee Jumping Throughout the different stages of the Jump, the participant experiences several dynamic forces that occur through energy transfers and transformations. Kinetic energy and potential energy, from gravity and through the elastic cord are experienced; these forces are affected by the weight of the Jumper and cord, and height of Jump. Kinetic energy is defined as the energy that an object posses when it s motions.
Gravitational Potential Energy (GAPE) is the force by which we are pulled towards the earth, which is 9. Mm/so. Elastic Potential Energy (PEP) is potential energy stored as a results of deformation of an elastic object, such as a bungee cord, 5. There are four distinct stages to a bungee Jump (appendices 14), that can be related to Newton’s laws of motion. The first stage is when the Jumper is standing at the platform preparing to Jump off, at this stage there is GAPE. The gravitational force is a 9. Mm/so downwards force. There is no EKE and PEP present as the Jumper is stationary ND the cord still has slack and no tension.
This can be seen on graphs 1, 2 3 the kinetic energy is at O at the beginning of the Jump. This stage relates to Newton’s first law that an object remains at rest or a constant speed unless an external force acts on it. As soon as the Jumper leaves the platform, they start to accelerate and the GAPE is transformed and generated into Kinetic energy. This stage consists of pure kinetic energy, gravity is causing the person to accelerate at a steady speed of 9. Mm/so . This can be seen on the graphs, the Jump period from 0-50 meters shows the GAPE erring as the Jumper moves closer towards the ground.
The EKE (seen on graphs 1, 2, 3) has steadily risen, as this phase of the Jump consists of pure kinetic energy, this is known as free-FAA. This phase of the Jump would take 3. 19 seconds to occur. Once the cord has reached to 50 meters to third stage occurs, the rope starts to elongate which causes the kinetic energy and the velocity to decrease. The kinetic energy is then transferred into the bungee cord and generates Elastic Potential Energy. At this stage of the Jump GAPE is still present and acting on the Jumper until hey reach the bottom, but it is very limited.
The transfer of EKE into PEP can be seen on the graphs, as after 50 meters the EKE decreases and the PEP increases steadily. This phase has varying times, which can be seen in appendices 15, it occurs between 2. 07-2. 43 seconds. Having the Jumps occur this quickly can allow for maximum participants, and therefore more income. The maximum elongation of the cord is 350%, mm, at this point the Jumper stops for a split second then the upwards force is exerted and the rope oscillates, until it comes to rest and the Jump is over (appendices 15). This phases take 5. Seconds for the damping oscillating motion to stop.
