With rapid development of the economic system, the economic growing manner is transforming bit by bit and continuously. Both the industrial revolution and rapid enlargement of the Internet economic system have facilitated the fiscal accounting to be developed and improved correspondingly. In 1976, Michael C. Jensen put frontward that the new theory with respect to the province of accounting research which has challenged the standardised accounting research. Besides, this important consideration has caused a great response and led a big figure of bookmans in accounting field to travel frontward ieference between the descriptive and normative methods in research. Following this, the grounds for the research workers are likely to switch one method to another will be analyzed. Finally, the parts made by Paton, Littleton and Chambers to the development of the accounting theory is planned to be discussed.
The difference between descriptive and normative methods of research
In footings of Michael Gaffikin ( 2005 ) , the consideration that ‘accounting is a measurement-communications procedure ‘ is recognized by many people. In the accounting research, the choice and design of the research approaches, the history ordinances and the reactions to these ordinances are the three major subjects in footings of Richard Laughlina ( 2007 ) . There are two major research methods which dominated the field, which are descriptive and normative methods.
First, harmonizing to the Margarete Sandelowski ( 2000 ) , the descriptive research is where is being researched or making, and so to better and hone the theories. Besides, the considerate on of this sort of research is to both frequences and norms, and it is able to assistant the research workers to accomplish a better apprehension of a subject. However, due to the descriptive research is to research the bing phenomena, which suggests that the inside informations or accurate of the fact is hard to be known. Otherwise, the antonym of another type of the research mode is called to be the normative method. Madalina Olteanu ( 2006 ) stated that the normative method is able to supply the step of ‘where to travel following ‘ . However, it is hard to plan and pattern. It is ever worked together with the descriptive method ( Madalina Olteanu, 2006 ) .
These two major research methods have both common and obvious difference with to the deductive or heuristic side consequently. Describer`s perceptual experiences, dispositions and esthesias ever supports the descriptions in the certain scenario ( Silverman, 2000 ) . Third, the mark of informations aggregation in the descriptive method is to carry on the rend describe them in a quite deepness and inside informations. In add-on, in footings of the Burns ( 2000 ) , due to the normative method is hard to be applied compared with the most easy comprehendible descriptive method, therefore, it is normally to be decided or selected later.
In short, the different research state of affairs is likely to find that which sort of research methods is much more appropriate and effectual to develop the theories.
The ground that research workers might switch from method to another
In this paragraph, the grounds for the research workers might alter the research methods from one to another is likely to be analyzed. It is rather serious to see the most appropriate research methods when obtain a research chance. Research methods are the tools to help the research workers to roll up informations and valuable information ( Catherine Dawson, 2007 ) . Hence, research methods play the quite of import function in the research, peculiarly in the development and betterment of the fiscal accounting field ( Henderson, Peirson & A ; Harris, 2004 ) . Additionally, the pick of the
Martyn Shuttleworth ( 2008 ) put frontward that there are a big figure of elements is required to be considered in the choice of the research methods, for illustration, the research inquiry, moralss, budget and clip. For illustration, in the fiscal accounting field, with a long-run of accounting patterns, it is able to steer the development and invention of the accounting theory and even the research methods ( Godfrey, Hodgson, Holmes & A ; Tarca, 2006 ) ) . This is besides able to be explained as the research method with respects to the accounting theory is based on the accounting patterns from perceptual cognition to rational methods, and so to the preciseness of ally talking, the research workers consider that which research method is most appropriate normally in footings of the originally research state of affairs. However, the accent should be put on the uninterrupted transmutation of the research environment which is mostly possible to alter the chiefly pick of the methods. Therefore, in the same survey, it is rather possible for the research workers to alter the methods from one to another. In add-on, the concern ethic issue in the research procedure is an of import facet which is worthy to be mentioned and discussed. Although research methods are simply a kind of tool to garnering the research information, the different and diversified manners might bring forth offense to the topics of the research ( Saunders, M. , P. Lewis & A ; A. Thornhill,2006 ) . Normally, this is related to the ethic issue in the concern when the research is conducted, such as the information revelation and others ( Velasquez, 20search topics and other similar grounds. Otherwise, the design and the choice of the research methods should besides take into history the concern ethic issue which is every bit important to the research attack and the consequences.
The parts by research workers such as Paton, Littleton and Chambers to accounting theory
The development, invention and betterment of the accounting theory are contributed by a big figure of research workers with their difficult attempts and valuable accomplishment ( Deegan, 2009 ) . In this subdivision, the parts made by Paton, Littleton and Chambers are expected to be emphasized and discussed.
The accounting idea and theory was closely related to the economic sciences is one of the most important characteristic of the 20th century in the accounting field. The research workers in the accounting field besides were named as economic expert. For illustration, Paton wrote a book named Accounting Theory as the members of the economic sections. William Paton is the important research worker in the accounting field. For illustration, he is the well-known precursor with respects to the entity theory. In 1922, he put frontward his theory in the book Accounting Theory, which has non been wholly accepted for a long period in the United States. But his theory refering the corporation is likely to play an progressively of import function in the societal and economic personal businesss has been widely accepted and realized. The accounting theory from the United States has plaard and influenced a batch in the following long clip. In extra, the well-known An Introduction to Corporate Accounting Standards is the co-work of the Paton and Littleton, which has generated a great impact in the accounting field.
A C Littleton has done substantial surveies in the edifice of the accounting criterion which impel the development of the accounting theory well. He indicated the grounds with respects to the visual aspect and speedy enlargement of the dual entry in the accounting field ( Michael Gaffikin, 2005 ) . His research was on the footing of the seven ancestors in the accounting field in order to turn out the inevitableness of the
plants and thought philosophers of scientific discipline to accomplish the greater rational cogency in accounting. In this period, a big figure of publications and books were created, which represent the rational heritage in the development of the accounting. Chambers` work covered many facets of accounting theory and related Fieldss ( Michael Gaffikin, 2005 ) . Not merely the rational cogency to accounting that has been mentioned above, but besides the Chambers has put frontward the continuously modern-day accounting ( CoCoA ) theory which is likely to be discussed below. Michael Gaffikin ( 2005 ) besides mentioned that Chambers advances the CoCoA system in order to decide the difference refering the merchandising monetary value issue. CoCoA is the representative part that Chambers made to the accounting field.
Decision
In decision, fiscal accounting theory is transforming systematically with the development of the societal economic system and the research invention. The application of the appropriate research method to ease the betterment the accounting theory is inevitable. Each theory is for the intent of steering the pattern in the existent work. Hence, the development and invention of the accounting theory is better with the circumstance but besides include the consideration of the sweetening of the existent pattern.
