Outline
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Experimental
- 3 Consequences and treatment
- 4 Equations
- 5 Preparation of Chloropentaamminecobalt ( III ) chloride
- 6 Calculation of Concentration of Chloropentaamminecobalt ( III ) chloride in 100cm3 volumetric flask
- 7 Preparation of iodopentaaminecobalt ( III ) chloride
- 8 Preparation of hexaaminecobalt ( III ) chloride
Introduction
Cobalt was discovered by Georg Brandt in 1735 interestingly the name Cobalt originates form the German word “ Kobald ” which means hob or evil spirit. The original usage of Co was value to early civilization of Egypt for coloring glass blue. Alfred Werner was a innovator in coordination Chemistry determined the isomer Co ( III ) hexamine chloride.
Experimental
Ammonium chloride ( 1.306g ) was dissolved in dressed ore ammonium hydroxide solution ( 10.5cm3 ) organizing a colorless solution. Colablt ( II ) chloride hexahydrate ( 2.494g ) was added in little parts with t stirring bring forthing a boggy liquid with a dark precipitate. 27 % Hydrogen peroxide ( 2.25cm3 ) was added utilizing a dropping pipette with changeless stirring. A little sum of heat and effervescence ( bubbling ) was seeable. Once the reaction has stopped and a dark ruddy solution was formed to which Concentrate Hydrochloric acid ( 10cm3 ) was added really easy with changeless stirring. A big sum of heat was released and a white gas was given off organizing a dark pink solution. This solution was heated for 18mins before being cooled in ice organizing dark pink precipitate. The solution was filtered and washed with dilute hydrochloric acid ( 5cm3 ) ethyl alcohol ( 5cm3 ) and propanone ( 5.5cm3 ) . Once dry the crystals ( 1.447g? ? % ) were transferred to an unfastened sample phial and dried in a desiccator for a hebdomad.
Order nowA part of this merchandise ( ? ? ? g ) was dissolved in Dilute ammonium hydroxide ( 10cm3 ) , H2O ( 40cm3 ) was added. The solution was heated ( 15 mins ) organizing a clear ruddy solution. Concentrate Hydrochloric acid ( 10cm3 ) was added followed by Ammonium chloride ( 1.00g ) organizing a orange solution. The ensuing solution was heated for a farther 25mins. Color? ? . Solution was cooled in ice and the merchandise filtered away and washed with hydrochloric acid ( 5cm3 ) ethyl alcohol ( 5cm3 ) and propanone ( 5.5cm3 ) . Forming 0. ? ? g? ? % )
Ammonium chloride ( 5.02g ) , Cobalt ( II ) chloride hexahydrate ( 1.396g ) and Sodium Iodide ( 0.192g ) were dissolved Water ( 10cm3 ) bring forthing a deep pink violet coloring material. Powdered I ( 0.718g ) was added organizing a? ? ? ? ? ? coloring material. Concentrate Ammonia ( 5.2cm3 ) was added with stirring organizing a light muddy brown Grey so turned greyer on after a farther 30mins of stirring. The ensuing solution was left to stand for 1 min and so the liquid was decanted off, H2O ( 20cm3 ) was added and decanted away and so Ethanol ( 20cm3 ) . The ensuing precipitate was dried under suction with farther Ethanol lavations ( 15cm3 ) bring forthing ( 1.404g? ? % )
Ammonium Chloride ( 1.0g ) was dissolved in Boling H2O ( 3.5cm3 ) . Cobalt ( II ) chloride hexahydrate ( 1.548g ) was added bring forthing a deep royal bluish solution. Charcoal ( ? 0.75g ) was added turning the solution Grey black. The solution was cooled in an ice bath to 5oC and Concentrate Ammonia ( 4.5cm3 ) was added in little parts over 3 mins. Hydrogen peroxide ( 23 % vol ) ( 4cm3 ) was added in parts over 5 mins. The solution was so heated to 60oC for 1 min. The solution was re cooled to 3oC in an ice bath. The black oily precipitate was filtered under suction before being added to Boiling H2O ( 12cm3 ) . Concentrate Hydrochloric acid ( 0.5cm3 ) was added and so the solution filtered. Concentrate Hydrochloric acid ( 2cm3 ) was added to the filtrate ( liquid ) and the solution cooled in ice. The ensuing orange precipitate was filtered and washed with propanone ( 10cm3 ) bring forthing ( 0.444g? ? % )
Consequences and treatment
Equations
& A ; Delta ; M= Molar Conductivity ( S m2 mol L-1 )
= Measured conduction ( units S Garand rifle )
degree Celsiuss = Concentration ( units mol M3 )
A mol L-1 = A x100 mol M3
A µS cm-1= ( A /10000 ) S Garand rifle
n=M/Mr
n= Gram molecules
M= Mass ( units gms )
Mr = Molecular weight
n= C x V
n = moles
C = Concentration ( units mol L-1 )
V= Volume ( L )
100cm3= 0.1L
Preparation of Chloropentaamminecobalt ( III ) chloride
Ammonium chloride +Ammonia+ Cobalt ( II ) chloride hexahydrate & A ; agrave ; Chloropentaamminecobalt ( III ) chloride
NH4Cl + CoCl2.6H2O + NH3 & A ; agrave ; Cl2
Calculation of Concentration of Chloropentaamminecobalt ( III ) chloride in 100cm3 volumetric flask
n=M/Mr
M= 0.1100g
Mr Chloropentaaminecobalt ( III ) chloride = 267.4762
n = 0.1100/267.4762
n= 4.1125431×10-4
n=CV
4.1125431 x10-4= C x 0.1
C= 4.1125 x10-3mol L-1 & A ; agrave ; 0.41125 mol M3
Conductivity = 1286µS & A ; agrave ; 0.1286 S Garand rifle
S m2 mol L-1
Preparation of iodopentaaminecobalt ( III ) chloride
Iodine + Cobalt ( II ) Chloride hexahydrate + Ammonia+ Ammonium chloride & A ; agrave ; Iodopenaaminecobalt ( III ) chloride
I2 + CoCl2.6H2O + NH4Cl + NH3 & A ; agrave ; Cl2
n=M/Mr
M= 0.0934g
Mr iodopentaaminecobalt ( III ) chloride = 341.90
n = 0.0934/341.90
n= 2.73179 x10-4
n=CV
2.73179×10-4= C x 0.1
C= 2.7317929 x10-3mol L-1 & A ; agrave ; 0.27317929 mol M3
Conductivity = 1137µS & A ; agrave ; 0.1137 S Garand rifle
S m2 mol L-1
Preparation of hexaaminecobalt ( III ) chloride
Ammonium chloride + Cobalt ( II ) chloride hexahydrate +Ammonia & A ; agrave ; Hexaamminecobalt ( III ) chloride.
NH4Cl + CoCl2.6H2O+ NH3 & A ; agrave ; Co ( NH3 ) 6 ] Cl3
n=M/Mr
M= 0.1010g
Mr Hexaamminecobalt ( III ) chloride =267.4762
n = 0.1010/267.4762
n= 3.776036896 x10-4
n=CV
3.776036896 x10-4= C x 0.1
C= 3.776036896 x10-3mol L-1 & A ; agrave ; 0.3776036896 mol M3
Conductivity = 1720µS & A ; agrave ; 0.1720 S Garand rifle
S m2 mol L-1
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